Knowledge is a mental state (at least sometimes)

Abstract It is widely held in philosophy that knowing not a state of mind. On this view, rather than knowledge itself constituting mental state, when we know, occupy belief exhibits some additional non-mental characteristics. Fascinatingly, however, new empirical findings from cognitive neuroscience and experimental now offer direct, converging evidence the brain can—and often does—treat as if it its own right. While might be tempted to keep metaphysics epistemic states separate neurocognitive mechanics our judgements about them, here I will argue these give us sufficient reason conclude at least sometimes state. The basis argument epistemological principle parity—roughly, contents given judgement reflect structure knowledge, so do produced them. This principle, which defend here, straightforwardly supports inference observation treats like conclusion All told, composite, belief-centric assumed epistemology almost certainly mistaken.